To the north, it looked like slavery in a new form. Some of this language may be difficult for students to understand without some guidance. The teacher may also wish to visit the two EDSITEment-reviewed websites mentioned above for additional background material concerning reconstruction: America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War and Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. They were seen as Yankees that were trying to take over the southern states' governments. No. While this lesson will not provide answers for all of these questions, the hope is that it will point students in the direction of seeking out such answers with the documents and the interactive provided and formulating their own similar kinds of questions. What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. What was the congressional response? How did John Wilkes Booth affect Reconstruction? legislators that were elected to office in the South during Reconstruction? One thing students might consider, for example, is how the devastation of war and the slow pace of efforts to recover from that devastation kept the South in a subordinate economic position in comparison to the faster growing cities of the North. How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? Booth, a stage actor, had ties to the Confederate cause. Who did it benefit? Which group was still not aloud to vote? Johnson's policies. All the of the African American were expelled in 1868 when whites said that the Constitution gave freedmen the right to vote, but never explicitly said they had the right to run for and hold an office because they were once slaves. In any event, these Northern carpetbaggers were viewed as outsiders and exploiters by many who formerly had been loyal to the Confederacy. It abolished slavery in the United States. A particle moves along a straight line with the equation x = 16t + 4t2-3t3 where x is the distance in ft and t is the time in second. Segregation laws would sunset and have to be repealed within the next 20 years. The KKK wanted to move power in government back to the Democratic Party. Who became president when Lincoln was assassinated? The effects of the Civil War and of Reconstructionparticularly in the Southcontinue to shape and to be a contentious subject in our politics today. How would you evaluate corruption in the Reconstruction legislatures? But in his first showdown with Congress upon being elected, Grant backed down and accepted a compromise proposal with the Senate even after the House had voted to join him in his opposition to the Act. In some cases these newcomers were motivated by noble sentiment, while others were merely out to seek their fortunes. Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1868? In part, Grants administration suffered because of some real and some exaggerated charges of corruptionmost of which did not directly involve Grant but tarnished him nonetheless. Upon taking office, Grant hoped to build upon the previously established framework by championing the 15th Amendment to enhance, protect, and guarantee black male voting rights nationwide. Who was the Republican leader in the House? His policies after he became president were even more lenient than Lincoln's, and they caused a confrontation with the Radical Republicans in Congress that culminated in his impeachment. 12-17 Written Guided Reading Assignment, Principles of Microeconomics Group Assignment.docx, Website-Resume-Student-Checklist-2017.pdf, Express v to show or make known a feeling an opinion etc by words looks or, Consistent with the culture of the Employer you will be expected to present a, The turn based rules were as follows 2 Moves and 1 Explore in any combination If, Points 00 40 Points A Choice A B Choice B C Choice C D Choice D Part 11 of 25 40, QUIZ QUES Institutions can be understood as a regular patterns of behaviour that, L2 Molecules of Life interactive notes_2022 (1).docx, Launching_a_Redesign_of_University_Princ.pdf, Question 34 In an address in 1983 President Reagan referred to the Soviet Union, A 22 year old woman comes to her primary care physician because of an 8 week, Basic Statistics and creating the control chart .pdf, Apply the Nursing Care plan on the client described in the Clinical scenario state the Assessment Diagnosis Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation You are working as a Labor and Delivery Nurse at. Saliency maps reveal directly how much a change in each input pixel would affect reconstruction loss, while each pixel's reconstruction error may be attributed to many input pixels when layers are fully connected. The Tenure of Office Act required the president to obtain approval from the Senate to remove any officeholder that the Senate had confirmed. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional (Radical Republican), and then Military control (Military Reconstruction Act - South broken down into 5 military districts), Communication des organisations - section 3, Lincoln's vs. Johnson's Plans for Reconstruct, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Civil War, Reconstruction and Old West Review. Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. Lincoln vetoed this bill, setting the stage for a compromise on the issue of Reconstruction. In actuality carpetbaggers were people who came down from the North to help freedmen and poor whites through the Freedmen's Bureau. They came from a wide variety of backgrounds ranging from highly-educated professionals to former Civil War soldiers. What did Johnson advise the southern states to do about the 14th amendment? about the italicized questions to help you form your answers/opinions. endstream endobj startxref Similarly, there were those in the South who turned their bitterness at losing the war into a default position of hostility to all efforts to move forward. Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. WebReconstruction was a significant chapter in the history of civil rights in the United States, but most historians consider it a failure. Reconstruction in Practice. hZy\L 3!--[D)aC., He told the southern states to reject it. Eph/LWNMK $r3R6W>44w9(Hct:@LN@@4H9O$T,\LuqDk9HMZ] 7l7{7eCUbMWmh"!baox]51Q"EF kRm'C*_@Q$VF*`C{:7v I"q{n]w)cqJ}q*6]d&5PhdSh3_|`k^Mq!U\:fqo,SI0L6-;jTS(WOC6"ZCx+5bo42+Pp;3:=BbXm)]IF While it could be used in a derogatory way, it did notin every casesuggest racist attitudes or carry the stigma that it does today. How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? Senators? Established in March 1865, the Bureau had provided blacks in the South with material assistance, schools, and guidance in settling on abandoned land. What terms did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 put in place for the Southern states who had not yet ratified the Fourteenth Amendment? If this activity does not load, try refreshing your browser. RZhC Nursing care plan about Risk for fetal injury related to shoulder dystocia? endstream endobj 114 0 obj <>stream What was the purpose of the military Reconstruction Act quizlet? The Military Reconstruction Act stated that remaining Confederate states that had not been reconstructed would be divided into five military districts and put under martial law. State governments set up under Johnsons Reconstruction plan were deemed illegal and new governments were to be formed. #;ou20/. HUKo0WhUK( As resistance and violence continued to spread in the South, Republican resolve began to weaken. %PDF-1.5 % He pushed for the establishment of the Department of Justice in 1870, which was tasked with investigating acts of violence against African Americans. WebWhat is meant by the term Reconstruction? Stanton was suspended in August 1867 and replaced with Grant as an interim. In this activity, students will be asked to imagine that they are research assistants gathering evidence for a prominent historian (the teacher) during the years following Reconstruction. Irving E. Lowery, Life on the Old Plantation in Ante-Bellum Days, 1911, Group C: Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, From the Cotton Field to the Cotton Mill: A Study of the Industrial Transition in North Carolina, 1906, Group D: The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. EDSITEment is a project of theNational Endowment for the Humanities, Smithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era, America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War, Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation, Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis, Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869, The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. Johnson versus Congress. endstream endobj 119 0 obj <>stream The end of the war brought with it much devastation and, of course, those who knew how to turn devastation into opportunity. How did white Southerners view the Freedmen's Bureau? The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Lincoln's and Johnson's plans fundamentally different from the Radical Republican plan. With the assistance of original historical documents, students will consider the ways different perceptions from leading political figures about the outcomes of Reconstruction affected the political debate and the political future of the nation. Following Lincoln's assassination, the task of implementing Reconstruction fell to his vice president, Andrew Johnson. How did the results of Reconstruction policy shape the politics of the reconstructed states and the nation at large? The impact of scandal on the national political debate was real. %%EOF xT+&DLeD Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d CONTEXT: In the imaginary land of Wakanda, established landowners keep their power by maintaining private armies. In addition to reviewing the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, each group will be assigned to cover one additional (but short) document and make a presentation to the class summarizing the views presented in it. In preparation for teaching this lesson, the teacher should review the entire lesson plan, including introductory background information. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. The Amnesty Act of 1872 completely flipped the script on Southern politics and halted the progress being made by Reconstruction efforts. 436 0 obj <>stream Distinguish the central and driving ideas at work in the documents used to illustrate this lesson. Adoption of the amendment was an issue in the 1866 congressional elections, but the president's campaign against it did not work. HUMO@W o%T@EBQ6P}wwIJ/$7~\]1U 7d9c$y_M)8L%D/*rTPg2QL(Ies>U,;1Q8U#91 EbS The Ku Klux Klan was a secretive, racist organization who used violence and fear to intimidate freedmen and whites that supported freedmen. The teacher will also want to discuss the vernacular and odd spellings that occasionally come through in diary entries and interviews with ordinary citizens and ex-slaves. Congressional Reconstruction. WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region that they had to keep the black vote in the south and protect black voting rights in order to win future elections. At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. corruption did not come to an end. Communities would combine their farms yields to ensure everyone had enough food. It required that 50 percent of a state's voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation than Lincoln's as the price of readmission. African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. Enough Republican senators appreciated the fact that Johnson's offenses were political and that they did not fall under the high crimes and misdemeanors specified in the Constitution for presidential impeachment. What limited African American freedom during Reconstruction? ]~ys6i`>lp=xY9'X\eQS%'#H 'Id~ti+i0q>?5 xL*m18&) B:17R#Y#>\ Blacks that did not have jobs could be put in jail, and therefore took the first job (even bad jobs) offered to them. Johnson and Secretary of War Edwin Stanton were bitter enemies, and the president wanted to get rid of him. that he violated the Tenure of Office Act--by firing Sec of War Stanton. In the Senate? Which class in the New South had recovered political power from the carpetbaggers? It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been recalled from the South. How did the stereotype of carpetbaggers compare with the reality? What was the purpose of the Freedmens Bureau? Who were its members? In all, the history of Reconstruction was an object lesson in the limitations of persuasion in politicsas was the history of the Civil War that preceded it. What paragraph clues help you determine the possible meaning of the word? The great political battles of the era were full of interesting reflections and assertions about the nature and purpose of America and American government. Ulysses S. Grant, Gen Commander of the Union forces in the Civil War. Who did the Fifteenth Amendment formally grant the right to vote in 1870? A large number of immigrants and African Americans were given voting rights. no, although many blacks stopped participating. Who were the group of people known as carpetbaggers who emerged in the Reconstruction-era South? WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like sharecropping, Freedman's Bureau, Wade-Davis Plan and more. Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? Turn in their completed worksheets from Activities 1 and 2 for a grade. Provided food, clothes, transportation, etc. HUj@}WDn! This meant that the huge majorities Republicans then enjoyed were, so to speak, operating on borrowed time. wealthy plantation owners and Confederate officials. In fact, African Americans took part in all the conventions and made up the majority of delegates in South Carolina. Instead, Johnson focused primarily on putting Union-loyal white leaders in place in Southern statehouses. What was the purpose of the Black Codes which were enacted in Southern states in 1865 and 1866? Things began to change socially, politically, and economically. When did reconstruction begin? Reconstruction lasted from the Civil War to 1877. During Civil War they had "rehearsals" for reconstruction in the Union-occupied south. Idea of black people being free began during the Civil War. hWO0Gx`*Bi1 `ZS"%;;NS5J;|@@hHx4&"A $ #p H}AxChDGOB(9S,vcs:JI]V]WywIO{{AS !^}8;]:yNc0v*4Xqa`p k5 z2 9&+cr'~ IOV~=GHB:'*kXa=9r^baYz/1ag7F:,Ww AF;{zVV5S-l/"NZ|'Ol,U#dmCUGe^eE?Ze\mLFMeSZ`E#`jcj~Qm|V$vN81t~~b2[_\$#'b*$]t# For more detailed information on the process of Reconstruction, the teacher is encouraged to visit America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War; for a timeline of major events of Reconstruction during the war itself, of particular use is Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. A large number of Republican lawmakers regained seats in Southern state governments, but chose to abandon Reconstruction reforms. Why did white southerners move to take the vote away from blacks at the end of the century? What happened to black The website Making Sense of Letters and Diaries is one such site. _ Who was it supposed to help? Print out all material from the Text Documents, and make the appropriate number of copies for the students. Who was one of the first black representatives in the Georgia Assembly? Many went to work in the mills. Fear of black rule. To conclude, the Reconstruction was almost a complete failure. 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The Civil Rights Act of 1866 defined citizenship and affirmed that all citizens are equally protected by the law. Alternative means of assessment include asking the students to do either or both of the following: 1. It was signed into law by President Andrew Johnson. Explain your choice. 0. As a result, these farmers remained in a form of economic bondage, tied to the landowner with no foreseeable way of making enough personal profit to become independent. There was no profit for workers. >YpVE$r#]Y@ -7}bKfl[83 it was now all white corruption so did not attract as much attention. B 9. dzB;. Expert Help. It required a majority of voters in each Confederate state to swear their allegiance to the US before rejoining the Union, It prohibited Confederate officials and military leaders from voting or holding office. Radical Republicans thought it was letting the South off too easily. The period following the Civil War in which Congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring Southern states back into the Union What was a endstream endobj 118 0 obj <>stream They passed two bills. they had belonged to the democratic party known as the bourbon democrats. endstream endobj 116 0 obj <>stream Congress was divided among Radical, Moderate, and Conservative Republicans and Democrats. WebCompare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and the Radical Republicans. Who had been his early political supporters? In many ways, we continue these struggles in our politics today. CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. List the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. Congress established a joint committee to review Reconstruction policy and set further conditions for readmitting states. It gave all men, regardless of race, the ability to vote in the United States. The teacher may also wish to begin thinking about how the class is to be divided into small groups (3-5 is suggestedbut the teacher should judge the correct size based on the size of the class) as several of the activities in this lesson involve small group work. These groups will take on the role of special investigative committees reporting to a Congressional committee examining the effects of Reconstruction. The war devastated the Southern economy and population, leaving a lot of hard feelings towards the victorious North. At the end of this lesson, each student should demonstrate his or her proficiency by doing one of the following: 1. WebWhat is Reconstruction? Rather than working with congressmen who might have supported his Reconstruction plan, Johnson alienated potential political allies by vetoing legislation intended to ensure civil rights for African Americans. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. Determined to prevent Johnson from interfering with their plan, Radical Republicans pushed through two pieces of legislation in March 1867 intended to severely limit presidential power. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. He believed that there would be no benefit to punishing southern states. for freed slaves. You can find more resources to supplement this lesson at ourSmithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era. Both African Americans and whites were part of the carpetbagger migration. It prohibited state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of slavery. Radical plan wanted to punish the south, while Lincoln and Johnson wanted to reunite the union as quickly as possible. Despite the passage of progressive new laws, racist attitudes prevented open access to employment, education, voting, and protection against violence. If loading fails, click here to try again. What problems were faced by the freed slaves? endstream endobj 117 0 obj <>stream Only in South Carolina. Question 2 Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? 20F_B[G S`F>6~hf( The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. 10% plan What was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called? In February 1868, after months of investigation, the House voted to impeach the president, largely on the grounds that Johnson had violated the Tenure of Office Act in firing Edwin Stanton. Andrew Johnson. answer choices Reconstruction Freedman's Bureau Black Codes Jim Crow Laws Question 7 900 seconds Q. Losing the Civil War meant that the South would have to conform to the laws of the United States. It gave native born blacks citizenship. The objective is to show the students how the combination of facts, opinions, statistics, and pictures can broaden their understanding of a subject. What did the Black Codes indicate to the North? endstream endobj startxref 0 Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866? Finally, History Matters offers helpful pages on "Making Sense of Maps.". Under the Constitution, the House of Representatives acts as a grand jury in impeachment cases and determines whether there is enough evidence to bring an official to trial. The First Reconstruction Act (March 1867) invalidated the state governments established under Johnson's policies (except the government of Tennessee, which had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment) and divided the former Confederacy into five military districts. When duly elected black representatives were expelled from the Georgia legislature, Georgia once again fell under military rule. States had to ratify the 13th & 14th amendment, and enacted Military Control of Reconstruction with the Military Reconstruction Act. Prior to his election Congress had already passed, among other legislative acts: Guaranteed protection for all U.S. citizens, regardless of color, to "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind." Because of doubts about the constitutionality of the new Civil Rights Act, the congressional Joint Committee on Reconstruction drafted the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. Identify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? 2. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. WebThe Reconstruction period lasted from 1865 to 1877. 2 Third step is about monitoring of collections 3 Involves the evaluation of. A monumental tomb in New York City was constructed in his honor as a result of what was the largest public fundraising campaign in history up to that time. blacks could vote and hold office. was a negative term Southerners adopted and gave to opportunistic and speculative Northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction Era, often seen as frauds. Select all that apply. WebDuring Reconstruction, three new amendments to the Constitution redefined freedom, citizenship, and democracy in the United States.