post covid dehydration post covid dehydration

We gathered some of the top food-related symptoms reported in individuals with the disease. Ann. Similarly, symptoms of COVID-19 can range from a dry cough to a high fever. Edwards, D. A. et al. We evaluated exhaled aerosol of all active and control patients before and after salt administration for one to two hours post-delivery. We find in human volunteer studies involving 464 human subjects in Germany, the US, and India that respiratory droplet generation increases by up to 4 orders of magnitude in dehydration-associated states of advanced age (n = 357), elevated BMI-age (n = 148), strenuous exercise (n = 20 . Mean exhaled aerosol droplet numbers for the infected subjects (Fig. Scheinherr, A. Glottal Motion and Its Impact on Airflow and Aerosol Deposition in Upper Airways During Human Breathing. Post COVID-19 condition, unspecified (U09.9) This new code became effective October 1, 2021 to identify conditions following acute COVID-19. 2. Sci. . Over the course of the three days of administration, oxygen saturation rose significantly (P=5.981e07) in the active group and did not change (P=0.533) in the Simply Saline control group (Fig. documentation of a positive COVID-19 test result in the record. including dehydration, other infections, anxiety and anemia. Respiratory disease number 1 killer Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 19902016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. . COVID-19: Breaking down a global health crisis. Clin. 04:20. Dana Williams/PDN. At night I felt thirsty and drank almost a litre of warm water to keep myself hydrated. Edwards, D. A., Salzman, J., Devlin, T. & Langer, R. Nasal calcium-rich salts for cleaning airborne particles from the airways of essential workers, students, and a family in quarantine. Google Scholar. Callaway, E. Delta coronavirus variant: Scientists brace for impact. Greg Vanichkachorn, M.D., director of Mayo Clinic's COVID Activity Rehabilitation Program, describes the most . Error bars represent standard errors of the mean. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/insacog-data-too-confirm-rise-of-b-1-617-across-states/articleshow/82781103.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst. The glottis aperture fluctuates at around 1Hz during normal tidal breathing, expanding on inhalation and contracting on exhalation30 by one to three-fold31. CAS A new natural defense against airborne pathogens. We find that oxygen saturation increases in moderately symptomatic COVID-19 patients over three days of daily administration of calcium-rich hypertonic salts (Fig. cider Vinegar (Mother culture) and one teaspoon of psyllium husk.Drink it half an hour before your meal. J. 5, 557565 (2021). This hypothesis is at least consistent with the preponderance of data pointing to the role of respiratory droplets in the airborne transmission of COVID-1957,58. 122(9), 555560 (2013). 2F) from the first cases in December-March to the last in early June 2021 as the delta variant (B.1.617) spread from first detection in India in late 2020 to over 60% of all cases in late May 202150. Correspondence to S.C., I.N. Antimicrob. Penn Medicine Lancaster General . (B) Exhaled aerosol particle numbers versus age, with median=50years. J. Appl. 3C). Started 4 mgs Zofran and Paxlovid yesterday. Zero respiratory symptoms. Pain at the injection site, fatigue and body aching are among the most recognised symptoms.. Exhaled aerosol generally increased with weight loss for all subjects during the first 30min of exercise (Fig. Clin. For those subjects (n=3) who received the laryngeal-targeted calcium-rich salts at 30min post exercise, oxygen saturation rose significantly (P<0.05) for two of the three subjects and remained unchanged (P>0.05) for the third, a trend previously reported on exercise-induced dehydration following systemic hydration41; mean oxygen saturation for the group was 97.1%0.5% at 60min post the commencement of exercise. USA 116(22), 1090510910 (2019). Topical hydration of young and healthy (exercise-induced dehydrated) subjects with salt droplets sized (over 80% of the droplets larger than 7m) to mostly deposit above the carina diminishes exhaled aerosol to normal low levels even while the subjects remain in a whole-body dehydrated state (Fig. 2B,C). Symptoms of being moderately ill with COVID-19 include coughing, fever above 100.4, chills and a feeling that you don't want to or can't get out of bed, says Adalja. Exclusion criteria included at all three sites included: human volunteers younger than 18years or older than 70; negative (for Germany and US) or positive (India) nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-Cov-2 (RT-PCR) (within 1week); subjects with chronic debilitating illness like cancer, immune deficiency etc. Google Scholar. Participants were screened for SARS CoV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) before enrollment. Write to us at toi.health1@gmail.com with 'My, The views expressed in this article should not be considered as a substitute for a physician's advice. Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day to stay hydrated. Vishnoy, A. Insacog Data Too Confirm Rise of B.1.617 Across States. When the cases began to rise last year, I remained alert and took precautions like wearing a mask and using hand sanitisers frequently.I kept myself safe from COVID for almost a year.I am 40 years old with a fit and healthy body and I assumed that maybe I had already got affected by the virus and was cured due to my immunity.This was my mistake that cost me my health. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. On the last day of my isolation, I felt fit and fine with no post-COVID or long-haul symptoms. Environ. Beginning phase. At night I use a humidifier and it helps a lot for a good three to four-hour sleep. In general, we find that respiratory droplet numbers are higher in those infected by SARS-CoV-2 (Fig. 27, 740746 (2008). In a random control study of COVID-19 positive subjects (n=40), thrice-a-day delivery of the calcium-rich hypertonic salts (active) suppressed respiratory droplet generation by 51%11% and increased oxygen saturation over three days of treatment by 48.08%9.61% (P<0.001), while no changes were observed in the nasal-saline control group. # After three or four days, I feel weak and exhausted and get tired even walking a small distance. Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome is a multisystem disorder that commonly affects the respiratory, cardiovascular, and hematopoietic systems. J. Stay hydrated. & van Hirtum, A. CAS 3A) increased significantly for all subjects (P=0.002) following 30min of exercise from mean values of 58.817.1 particles per liter of air (n=21) to 220.697.5 particles per liter of air (n=19). Article We obtained an exemption from IRB approval from E&I Review. CAS Getting moisture to the upper airways may be such a solution9,10,11,12. A. In addition, assign code(s) for specific conditions 104, 17611777 (2008). Subjects exhaled aerosol at normal tidal breathing and their exhaled aerosol particle numbers were assessed as further described below. PubMed Also, try midnight fruits or water to hydrate your body in the beginning.With time when your body gets little strength to lessen your thirst problem, you don't feel like waking up in the middle of the night to eat fruits.But hydrate yourself and try to keep your mouth and throat wet as dry mouth further lead to severe problems: Mood swing: Try to occupy yourself in the chores of the house.Go for a walk even if you feel exhausted. COVID-19 continues to have a devastating impact on human health1, economic development2 and wellbeing3,4. However, mucus exists in the upper airways as a hydrogel53. . We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us. Sci. 2D) (n=157). On the other hand, delivery of hypertonic salt droplets to the trachea and main bronchi increases water content both by the delivery of water mass and the hypertonicity of the water delivered. All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment. Google Scholar. Indeed, in previous work41 we find that delivery of isotonic saline or hypertonic saline with 812m mean-diameter salt droplets diminishes exhaled aerosol to levels equivalent to the breathing of humid airconsistent with what we observe in the present study. February 17-19, 2021: The problem worsened day by day due to excessive thirst and difficulty in swallowing, which resulted in extreme weakness and fatigue.I consulted a leading gastroenterologist on February 18.To my amusement, he checked me on WhatsApp video call and prescribed tests for Liver function, Urine infection, thyroid, and Hb1Ac. Self-reported symptoms significantly declined in the active group and did not decline in the control group. Before each test, the mouthpiece was replaced by a stopper and the particle detector was turned on to verify the absence of leakage of particles from the environment. Don't try to increase the dose of psyllium husk as it could result in more bloating, increased gas, and flatulence caused by psyllium ingestion.Don't try self-medication in severe health conditions and take immediate doctor consultation in the case.The longer the problem persists, the more you will suffer. Pneumonol. The effects also could lead to the development of new conditions, such as diabetes or a heart or nervous . It occurs when low blood volume causes a drop in blood pressure and a drop in the amount of oxygen in your body. Mol. Drug intervention and COVID-19 symptom measures following administration of FEND or the Simply Saline control. Fatigue weakness and thirst (Dry mouth & sore throat), Dehydration, Rapid mood swings, February 24, 2021- (till date): Within that time my digestion improved but not fully like, # I still have gastric issues after eating every meal. COVID-19 long-haulers experience an array of widespread and debilitating symptoms even after the virus clears from their system, and latent viruses may account for many symptoms. (C) Exhaled aerosol particle numbers versus BMI, with median=28. Observations and Self medications that helped me: Take a glass full of water mix with a spoon of. Breathing, speaking, coughing or sneezing: What drives transmission of SARS-CoV-2?. Given these findings, and the dehydration that accompanies COVID-1912, we evaluated the effect of upper airway hydration on respiratory response to COVID-19 infection. Internet Explorer). No significant differences were observed in submicron size fraction between male (93.4%6.8%) and female (92.2%6.6%) subjects. J. Mech. Red, hot, dry skin. The entire tubing system facilitated the filtration of all environmental particles from the lungs of subjects over a period of about one minute of breathing with subjects lips tightly sealed around the mouthpiece and pinching their noses. We also excluded from the study those patients who required supplemental oxygen prior to admission or during the first three days post admission (blood oxygen saturation below 95%). Error bars represent standard errors of the mean. Article Those participants in the active group received by nasal inhalation the calcium-rich hypertonic salt solution via a second hand-held, mechanical-pump spray and with a median volume droplet diameter of 812m (Supplemental Material). J. Mechanistically, future research should explore the impact of laryngeal hydration by (monovalent, divalent, isotonic and hypertonic) salts in laryngeal models as well as on oxygenation and respiratory droplet generation in the elderly, the obese, diabetics, athletes and those with an airborne infection. Alternating low and high humidity in the upper airways during tidal breathing creates a cyclical pattern of dehydration and rehydration that, when accompanied by systemic dehydration or the chronic breathing of dry air, can promote extreme thinning of upper airway lining fluid11, reduce cilia beat frequency10, and damage epithelial cells19. Administration of the active reduced exhaled aerosol in all subjects (Fig. We particularly find in the present study that the respiratory droplet generation in and movement from upper to lower airways is detrimental to lower respiratory tract disease, and notably to COVID-19. was PI of the BBH study. Mol. 290, 10101027 (2021). PubMed Central contracts here. ; and notably in at Bangalore Baptist Hospital severely ill subjects, subjects with mental illness/psychiatric medications, and subjects unable to complete 3 full days of treatment with active intervention or placebo. 72(19), 36373652 (2015). and JavaScript. I feel less thirsty day by day while gaining strength.Don't worry much if some day you feel that your health is back to the same weakness or unhealthy condition, while too much stress leads to anxiety and the problem of dry mouth. Three of the subjects in the active group were escalated to intensive care prior to completing the three days of treatment and were therefore excluded from the post-treatment results. Jensen, N., Kelly, A. H. & Avendano, M. The COVID-19 pandemic underscores the need for an equity-focused global health agenda. Acad. MATH Try to keep your mouth wet by eating fruits like grapes, watermelon, or other citrus fruits. 93, 102840 (2020). Surface rheological properties alter aerosol formation from mucus mimetic surfaces. Getting enough Vitamin D helps immune system function. Hum. For each person recruited, the numbered envelope corresponding to that person's recruitment number is opened to see the allotmentcategory. Exhaled aerosol particle numbers from healthy human subjects in an exercise-induced dehydration study. 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In the upper airways, evaporation occurs from mucus surfaces on inhalation, hydrating inhaled air, while on exhalation highly humid air from the central and lower airways passes over upper airway mucus surfaces. Natl. We measured exhaled particles in two independent ways in our three studies in the US, Germany and India. PubMed Central 3D, left). Practice deep breathing on . & Przybylski, J. In total, 135 patients answered questions about their employment pre- and post-COVID-19, and the number of patients in full-time work (102) went down to 55. . It can also be referred to as post-Covid . There is therefore an urgent need for practical, implementable and effective scientific solutions to minimize risks of respiratory disease such as COVID-19 among the least fortunate. A persistent sweet tooth may simply be a sign you . collected and reported data related to the BBH COVID-19 human subject study. Reversing direction on exhalation, the smallest droplets originating in the upper airways exit the airways while mixing with droplets generated in the lung periphery by the temporary closing off of the small airways (Fig. Bangalore Baptist Hospital, Bangalore, India, Carolin Elizabeth George,Leeberk Raja Inbaraj,Sindhulina Chandrasingh&Indu K. Nair, GS BIO-INHALATION GmbH, Germunden, Germany, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA, Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK, School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA, Sensory Cloud, 650 East Kendall St, Cambridge, MA, USA, School of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, John A Paulson School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, You can also search for this author in Otol. When fats don't break down properly, the bile present in your stool can cause . We also find that exhaled aerosol is amplified in young and healthy human subjects following exercise-induced whole-body dehydrationreaching levels (Fig. COVID-19 Information Center: get the latest on vaccines, testing, screening, visitor policy and post-COVID support >> . PNAS 118, e2021830118 (2021). Physiol. The lungs emit approximately 25% of daily total water mass loss in the process of hydrating inhaled air18. Alves, M., Kruger, E., Pillay, B., van Lierde, K. & van der Linde, J. J. Fluid Mech. 1 . The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on wellbeing and cognitive functioning of older adults. Effects of different protocols of hydration on cardiorespiratory parameters during exercise and recovery. "Drink at least 64 to 70 ounces of water every day.". We studied respiratory droplet generation and oxygenation in a range of phenotypical states, including those characterized by whole-body dehydration, and following upper airway hydration. Each P-value below 0.05 was considered to be statistically different. 8, 15. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-00700-x (2021). Dehydration can contribute to kidney stones, kidney failure and heatstroke, all life-threatening illnesses. Google Scholar. ADS Edwards, D. A. et al. Mean oxygen saturation for the control group (n=3) reached 96.5%0.8% at 60min post the commencement of exercise, an insignificant change relative to levels at 30min while significantly below the pre-exercise levels (P=0.01). Each participant exercised in two phases of 30min each. Deep breathing restores lung function by using the diaphragm, the booklet notes, and encourages a restoration and relaxation mode in the nervous system. Singanayagam, A. et al. The doctor prescribed antivirals for five days.I isolated myself for fourteen days from the family. I don't have evidence for that but I feel like taking steam also lessens the problem. We recruited at the R3VIVE Fitness in Boston Massachusetts 20 healthy human subject volunteers, 13 male and 7 female, no smokers, ages 2237, and BMI 22 to 33 (see Supplemental Material). Rhinol. Exhaled aerosol numbers did increase significantly (P=0.0002) with age (n=357) (Fig. Other reported neurological symptoms may include: Insomnia. The Lanccet 397(10285), 16031605. In severe cases, diarrhea can affect a person's kidney and liver function . Google Scholar. Etzold, M., Linden, P. & Worster, M. Transpiration through hydrogels. We find in human volunteer studies involving 464 human subjects in Germany, the US, and India that respiratory droplet generation increases by up to 4 orders of magnitude in dehydration-associated states of advanced age (n=357), elevated BMI-age (n=148),strenuous exercise (n=20) and SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=87), and falls with hydration of the nose, larynx and trachea by calcium-rich hypertonic salts. In processes of physical exercise and progression of COVID-19, upper airway dehydration may add to the effects of elevated release of oxygen by hemoglobin (in states of exercise) and impairment of oxygen absorption in the gas exchange regions of the lungs (in symptomatic disease), thus contributing to low oxygen saturationat least prior to when the lattermay play a predominant role. 3D, right), while correlation between total body mass loss and exhaled aerosol disappearedfor all subjects who received no topical hydration between 0 and 60min exhaled aerosol increase relative to baseline above the median weight loss of 0.24% (688.3%448.9%) was not significant (P=0.33) relative to exhaled aerosol increase below the median weight loss (exhaled 225.4%97.7%). We observed a growth in exhaled respiratory droplets of 323% among the 87 patient volunteers (Fig. Moisture and airborne salt suppress respiratory droplet generation and may reduce COVID-19 incidence and death. On the first day and each subsequent day we measured oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry. Post notes that some studies on athletes recovering from the coronavirus have . Listen to music.Moreover, keep yourself busy but don't strain yourself. John Bonfiglio experienced confusion, persistent dizziness, and tremors after being hospitalized . Inhaling to mitigate exhaled bioaerosols. C.E.G. J. Fluids Struct. Dry mouth and Covid-19. swollen ankles and feet. Zieliski, J. Diminution of respiratory droplet generation, and hydration of the glottis, by the delivery of upper airway hypertonic salts therefore reduces symptoms and improves oxygenation, both of which may contribute to a diminished need for intravenous drug intervention in those patients with high inflammation. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Chronic sub-optimal systemic hydration appears to promote the presence of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in the lung, and increase capillary leakage of airway lining fluid15, among other systemic biochemical consequences that increase risks of COVID-1912,15. In our study we find particularly that when subjects deeply exhale and inhale, often referred to as residual volume breathing, exhaled aerosol numbers are much higher than on normal tidal breathing (see Supplemental Material), and as these numbers are not appreciably diminished by upper airway delivery of hypertonic salts (Supplemental Material), these residual-volume-breathing respiratory droplets appear to originate largely in the smaller airways. Systemic dehydration also depletes water in those upper airway regions of the lungs responsible for hydrating inhaled air16, notably the nose, trachea and main bronchi, where ACE2 receptors have been found to be of particularly high density17. Exhaled breath from subjects was collected as with the Non-Dried Droplet Counter by a t-adapter with HEPA filter, mouthpiece and connection port to the Resp-Aer-Meter via a hose. Josephson, A., Kilic, T. & Michler, J. D. Socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19 in low-income countries. People who had severe illness with COVID-19 might experience organ damage affecting the heart, kidneys, skin and brain. & Primorac, D. Fighting COVID-19 with water. COVID symptoms like cough, fever and shortness of breath are well known, but coronavirus patients are suffering from a wide range of strange, bewildering symptoms long after their initial bout . These symptoms, which occur in about 10% of COVID-19 patients, tend to appear . A temporary increase in heart rate can be caused by a lot of different things, including dehydration. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles Soft Matter 16(33), 78237834 (2020). Sci. See Table 1. Stookey, J. D., Allu, P. K. R., Chabas, D., Pearce, D. & Lang, F. Hypotheses about sub-optimal hydration in the weeks before coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a risk factor for dying from COVID-19. PNAS 116, 1090510910 (2019). They may last a few days . The following JACC . EPJ Web Conf. Front. Pol. Both (see Supplemental Material) yielded salt mist droplets with a median diameter in the 812m range. Vyazmin, A., Khramtsov, D., Pokusaev, B., Nekrasov, D. & Zakharov, N. Experimental study of liquid evaporation from a surface of gel mixture. In the first few minutes of evaporation, hydrogels therefore tend to evaporate at a rate that is indistinguishable from water itselfwhile with the thin water film disappearing, evaporation rate precipitously declines55. With shortness, of . Calmet, H. et al. Body weight was measured using a using an InBody H20N Smart Full Body Composition Analyzer Scale with an accuracy of 0.2 lbs. We studied daily administration (thrice a day for three days) of calcium-rich hypertonic salts to the upper airways on exhaled aerosol, oxygen saturation, and disease symptoms in a randomized double-blinded nasal-saline control study of 40 moderately symptomatic COVID-19 patients admitted into Bangalore Baptist Hospital during the period MayJune when the delta variant predominated infections in India50. 6 Unusual Signs of Dehydration You Should Know About. Over this time frame particle counts per liter of air pulled from the exhaled breath into the particle counter diminished and subsequently fluctuated around a baseline number. Edwards, D. A. et al. Analysis of respiratory droplet composition has revealed the presence of lung surfactant and the absence of mucin, implicating the smaller airways as a more probable site of generation than the upper airways52. All participants received the active or the control three times a day over the first three days following the start of the study. J. Pharm. George, C.E., Scheuch, G., Seifart, U. et al. 2B), the obese (Fig. Acad. Trabelsi, K. et al. Exhaled aerosol numbers significantly correlated (P=0.0031) with advanced BMI-age (Fig. We then examined the treatment effects of upper airway hydration in moderately symptomatic COVID-19 patients in a randomized control clinical study. Ecole Centrale Marseille (2015). We calculated statistical significance of differences using a multiway analysis of variance (ANOVA) test for each set of variables. More than a year into the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers are revealing the many devastating consequences that patients can face both during and after hospitalization. Inflammation, redness, and swelling of the. Exhaled aerosol numbers (Fig. Bouvet, A., Pelorson, X. Greenhalgh, T. et al. PubMed PubMed 18(3), 171175 (2010). The alliance has developed protocols for using the drug to prevent and treat COVID-19, including guidelines specific to long-haulers. All tests were normal except for a little infection in urine and a little high SGPT.He prescribed medication for anxiety and gastric problems (Omeprazole). urine that's foamy or bloody. 2E) than non-infected individuals (Fig. Mean exhaled aerosol among those with normal C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels (less than 10mg/L) was not significantly different (P=0.362) than mean exhaled aerosol of those with elevated CRP levels (greater than 10mg/L). Background of less than 10 particles per liter of air was deemed well sealed. The virus infects the host by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. As a key technical leader in this initiative, the Principal Data & Applied Scientist will be responsible for developing, architecting and implementing cutting edge AI/ML algorithms/frameworks across the key pillars of data protection, privacy and compliance. Sci. Oxygen saturation was measured for several of the subjects at the t=0, 30min and 60min, and several of the subjects also exhaled aerosol at t=0 with a residual volume breathing maneuver. Google Scholar. Excessive Thirst, Dry Mouth, and Sore Throat . Jeffrey L. Jeltema, Ellen K. Gorman, Chad C. Wiggins, Arturo Orea-Tejeda, Manuel Gmez-Martnez, Juan Jos Orozco-Guterrez, Mavi Dorothea Schellenberg, Sandra Imach, Franziska Trudzinski, Andreas Vlp, Jennifer Schmitz, Ralph Msges, Yanjiao Zhou, Daniel Jackson, Avraham Beigelman, Camilla Koch Ryrs, Arnold Matovu Dungu, Birgitte Lindegaard, Cinzia Cecchetto, Antonella Di Pizio, Michele Dibattista, Chia-wei Yeh, Chia-Ju Shih, Ya-ling Chiou, Mark L. Levy, Leonard B. Bacharier, Helen K. Reddel, Scientific Reports Influence of gender and body composition on hydration and body water spaces. SARS-CoV2 reverse genetics reveals a variable infection gradient in the respiratory tract. weight loss or poor appetite. Kidney failure This potentially life-threatening problem occurs when your kidneys are no longer . But, according to anecdotal reports, you may experience dehydration, or extra thirst, after your top-up shot.. ADS "If you're at home treating COVID-19 symptoms, remember to stay hydrated," Dr. Mehta says. Sip on water throughout the day-don't gulp several glasses at a time, sip slowly and frequently. Lancet 18(11), P1191-1210 (2018). The ideal candidate, while overseeing the technical work of 2-3 applied scientists . Head Neck Surg. , Bloating and Irregular Bowel Syndrome (IBS). With the mouthpiece placed back onto the tubing, subjects performed normal tidal breathing through the mouthpiece while plugging their noses with their fingers over 1 to 2minbeginning with two deep breaths to empty their lungs of environmental particles. Front. CAS Google Scholar. Med. Front. . COVID-19 causes a range of symptoms, including headaches that can vary from person to person. Oxygen saturation levels began at similar levels for the active and control groups at the start of the study (Fig.